Hebrews Chapter 4


Introduction

Hebrews Chapter 4 reviews and revisits issues raised in Chapter 3. It reminds us, once again, that the vast majority of the Israelites perished in the wilderness for unbelief and never entered the Promised Land (only two individuals who left Egypt, Joshua and Caleb, entered in across the River Jordan). Chapter 4 makes it clear that, likewise, unbelievers will not enter into Heaven because, although they may have heard “The Word”, they did not have faith in “The Word”, Who Is Jesus. The Word of God is not to be taken lightly!

The Chapter can be divided into four parts:

  1. The meaning and promise of “rest” from an eternal perspective, which unbelievers cannot enter and which was “Typified” first by God’s resting on the seventh day, then by the Land of Canaan, of which the reality is eternity with God in Heaven. (verses 1-11)
  2. The Word of God is a double-edged sword that can both make alive and kill. (verses 12 &13)
  3. Jesus Is the believers’ “Great High Priest.” (verses 14&15…which provide a segue to chapter 5)
  4. The believers can boldly petition God for mercy and grace in time of need. (verse 16)

The Promise of An Eternal Rest with God

This is describing a cautious fear and a watchfulness over our own faith in Him. 2 Corinthians 13:5, “¶Examine yourselves, whether ye be in the faith; prove your own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates?2 Peter 1:10, “Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence to make your calling and election sure: for if ye do these things, ye shall never fall:

The promise of rest, which we have in Jesus, is twofold:

  1. There is a present rest that we have in Christ Jesus. Matthew 11:28, “Come unto me, all [ye] that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.Hebrews 4:10, “For he that is entered into his rest, he also hath ceased from his own works, as God [did] from his.” The Believers are free from the fear of death, and from the yoke of ceremonialism and works. We rest I Jesus’ Love, Righteousness, and in His Work.
  2. There is the future eternal rest in Heaven. When the believers enter into that rest they will be forever free from all temptation, fear, doubt, and sin. Revelation 21:1-4, “¶And I saw a new heaven and a new earth: for the first heaven and the first earth were passed away; and there was no more sea. And I John saw the holy city, new Jerusalem, coming down from God out of heaven, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband. And I heard a great voice out of heaven saying, Behold, the tabernacle of God is with men, and he will dwell with them, and they shall be his people, and God himself shall be with them, [and] be their God. And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed away.

With so much at stake we must follow in the footsteps of the Apostle Paul and his statement of seeking the Lord Jesus in saving faith in Philippians 3:7-14, “But what things were gain to me, those I counted loss for Christ. Yea doubtless, and I count all things but loss for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord: for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and do count them [but] dung, that I may win Christ, And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith: That I may know him, and the power of his resurrection, and the fellowship of his sufferings, being made conformable unto his death; If by any means I might attain unto the resurrection of the dead. Not as though I had already attained, either were already perfect: but I follow after, if that I may apprehend that for which also I am apprehended of Christ Jesus. Brethren, I count not myself to have apprehended: but [this] one thing [I do], forgetting those things which are behind, and reaching forth unto those things which are before, I press toward the mark for the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus.” “Attained” is “Obtaining”, and it is NOT “coming short.”

But what about the meaning of “coming short“? A number of self-reinforcing verses in Hebrews come to mind…

Hebrews 2:3, “How shall we escape, if we neglect so great salvation; which at the first began to be spoken by the Lord, and was confirmed unto us by them that heard [him]; and Hebrews 3:6, “But Christ as a son over his own house; whose house are we, if we hold fast the confidence and the rejoicing of the hope firm unto the end.” and Hebrews 4:14 “¶Seeing then that we have a great high priest, that is passed into the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast [our] profession.” and Hebrews 10:23, “Let us hold fast the profession of [our] faith without wavering; (for he [is] faithful that promised;)” and also Hebrews 12:15, “Looking diligently lest any man fail of the grace of God; lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble [you], and thereby many be defiled;

The Gospel of Salvation by Jesus Christ Alone has been made clear in the New Testament. That Salvation is by Grace not works, through His Deity, His Perfect Obedience, His Substitutionary Atonement, His Resurrection, and His Loving Intercession for the Saints. But is was also taught to the Israelites by Type, Promise, Sacrifice, and other Examples. But it did them no good without faith and trust in God as Abraham their “father” did exhibit.

This point, that the same gospel that we know in the New Testament was also PREACHED to National Israel in the Old Testament, is extremely important. There were NEVER two different dispensations!

It should also be noted that the word “mixed” is translated from the Greek word, συγκεράννυμι (sygkerannymi)G4786, which also means “united together“.

Romans 10:17, “So then faith [cometh] by hearing, and hearing by the word of God.” but bear in mind that according to In Proverbs 20:12 we are told something that is extremely important. “The hearing ear, and the seeing eye, the Lord hath made even both of them. Only God gives the hearers “ears to hear.” For more on the implication of Proverbs 20:12, Please see this post.

Also regarding “faith”, we should remember these two verses:

  1. Hebrews 12:2, “Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of [our] faith; who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God.
  2. Hebrews 11:6, “But without faith [it is] impossible to please [him]: for he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and [that] he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him.

Also we should also remember what we read in Revelation 1:3, “Blessed [is] he that readeth, and they that hear the words of this prophecy, and keep those things which are written therein: for the time [is] at hand.We are to 1) READ, 2) HEAR, and 3) KEEP the Words of God!

This once again hearkens the hearer back to Psalm 95:7-11, “For he [is] our God; and we [are] the people of his pasture, and the sheep of his hand. To day if ye will hear his voice, Harden not your heart, as in the provocation, [and] as [in] the day of temptation in the wilderness: When your fathers tempted me, proved me, and saw my work. Forty years long was I grieved with [this] generation, and said, It [is] a people that do err in their heart, and they have not known my ways. Unto whom I sware in my wrath that they should not enter into my rest.

Remember that when a person is truly saved, they find rest and peace from working for their Salvation, but rather rely entirely on The Lord of the Sabbath, Jesus Christ to have done all the work for them as we read in Romans 5:1, “¶Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ:“and Romans 8:1, “¶[There is] therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.” as well as:

Romans 8:33, “Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God’s elect? [It is] God that justifieth. Who [is] he that condemneth? [It is] Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us. Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? [shall] tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword?” (Please read on to Romans 8:38)

And just to reiterate, Jesus Christ is the Lord of the Sabbath, our Rest!

  1. Matthew 12:8, “For the Son of man is Lord even of the sabbath day.
  2. Mar 2:27&28, “And he (Jesus) said unto them, The sabbath was made for man, and not man for the sabbath: Therefore the Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath.
  3. Luke 6:5, “And he said unto them, That the Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath.

Going forward in Hebrews 4, we are provided an understanding of the true eternal rest that the believers have in Jesus by discounting all the other “rest” mentioned in the Old Testament Scriptures.

Exodus 20:11, “For [in] six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them [is], and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.”

The believers’ rest that they now enjoy in Christ is not the “rest ” of God following the six days of creation. The rest that God has in view is the eternal rest that is in salvation.

(See above in Verse 4:3 and earlier in Hebrews 3:11)

The point here is that the rest in view was that temporal rest in the temporal land of Canaan, which was only a “Type” of the eternal rest with God in Heaven.

This is a reiteration of Hebrews 3:19, “So we see that they could not enter in because of unbelief.

Because of Israel’s unbelief they did not enter into Canaan, but instead only wandered in the wilderness for 40 years and they all (apart from only Joshua and Caleb) perished as a result of their unbelief.

The believers’ rest in Christ is not the “rest” of Israel’s entering into the Land of Canaan, which was only an earthly and temporal rest, but, again, that rest most certainly did “typify” the believers’ eternal rest with God in Heaven.

Again we are pointed back to Psalm 95:7&8, “For he [is] our God; and we [are] the people of his pasture, and the sheep of his hand. To day if ye will hear his voice, Harden not your heart, as in the provocation, [and] as [in] the day of temptation in the wilderness:

God has set a “certain day” when His people would enter in to that eternal rest. It is the Gospel Dispensation. Not the “rest” provided in a temporal “type”, but provided in reality for eternity.

2 Corinthians 6:2, “(For he saith, I have heard thee in a time accepted, and in the day of salvation have I succoured thee: behold, now [is] the accepted time; behold, now [is] the day of salvation.)

The reality and not the “Type” will manifest itself when Jesus returns on Judgment Day.

The Final Eternal Rest is in Heaven with Jesus

IF the intent all along was that God would provide only a temporal earthly rest, then God would not have promised another day. That day that is yet to come.

Rest here comes from the original Greek word κατάπαυσις (katapausis)G2663 which means “rest” or “resting place”.

The original Hebrew word that is translated in the Old Testament as “rest” is שַׁבָּתוֹן (šabāṯôn)H7677 from which שַׁבָּת (šabāṯ)H7676 (“Sabbath“) is derived , hence it is speaking of a “day of rest” that is yet to come for the people of God, the believers.

But, interestingly, another Hebrew word for rest is Noah נֹחַ (nōaḥ) H5146, whose means “Rest” or “Consolation“. We also know from Genesis 5:29 that Noah is identified with “comfort“, “And he called his name Noah נֹחַ (nōaḥ)H5146, saying, This [same] shall comfort נָחַם (nāḥam)H5162 us concerning our work and toil of our hands, because of the ground which the LORD hath cursed.” This word for “comfort” נָחַם (nāḥam)  H5162 , which is used here to pertain to Noah, is also the root word from which the prophet Nahum (נַחוּם (naḥûm) H5151 is derived. Please see this post on Nahum.

Every true believer hath ceased from his own works of righteousness, and from the burdensome works of the law, as God through Christ has ceased from His works of creation and redemption. Remembering also what we read in Ephesians 1:19, “And what [is] the exceeding greatness of his power to us-ward who believe, according to the working of his mighty power, Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set [him] at his own right hand in the heavenly [places], Far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come:

In this verse, the word that translated from the Greek for “unbelief” is ἀπείθεια (apeitheia)G543, which can also be translated as “disobedience” or “obstinance“. The warning here is that everyone should be diligent to heed the Word of God, or otherwise end up like those who died in the wilderness due to unbelief. This again brings us to remembrance of what we read in Hebrews 3:16-18, “¶For some, when they had heard, did provoke: howbeit not all that came out of Egypt by Moses. But with whom was he grieved forty years? [was it] not with them that had sinned, whose carcases fell in the wilderness? And to whom sware he that they should not enter into his rest, but to them that believed not?

In Numbers 14:11 we see where God explains to Moses his frustration with the people of Israel, “¶And the LORD said unto Moses, How long will this people provoke me? and how long will it be ere they believe me, for all the signs which I have shewed among them?

Philippians 2:12&13, “¶Wherefore, my beloved, as ye have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out (κατεργάζομαι (katergazomai) G2716  your own salvation with fear and trembling. For it is God which worketh (ἐνεργέω (energeō))G1754 in you both to will and to do of [his] good pleasure.

God Sees All, and His Word, the Bible, is the ONLY Book That “Reads the Reader” (Moreover, Jesus is the Word Incarnate!)

The word “quick” is an old English word for “alive”. The Word of God is indeed Alive! the Bible is a Living Book proclaiming the believers’ living Redeemer. Jesus Is Alive, and He now sits on the Throne in Heaven at The Father’s Right Hand. This is also entirely consistent with what we read in 1 Peter 1:23-25, “Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.For all flesh [is] as grass, and all the glory of man as the flower of grass. The grass withereth, and the flower thereof falleth away: But the word of the Lord endureth for ever. And this is the word which by the gospel is preached unto you.

The Word of God is Powerful!

In the original Greek, the word “powerful” is the word ἐνεργής (energēs)G1756 which means “active” and “effectual” (and “powerful”) from which we get the word “energy“, but which has as its root word, ἔργον (ergon)G2041, which means to “work“.

Psalm 29:4 tells us that, “The voice of the LORD [is] powerful;  the voice of the LORD [is] full of majesty.” The word that is translated as “powerful” is from the original Hebrew is כֹּחַ (kōaḥ)H3581, which is most often translated as “strength” (58x) “power” (47x) and “might” (7x). In Jeremiah 51:15, we see that Jesus, Who is the Word of God is powerful and Who also is the Creator, “He hath made the earth by his power, H3581 he hath established the world by his wisdom, and hath stretched out the heaven by his understanding.” Also in Exodus 15:6, “Thy right hand, O LORD, is become glorious in power: H3581 thy right hand, O LORD, hath dashed in pieces the enemy.”

The Word of God Is A Sharp Sword!

Isaiah 49:2, “And he hath made my mouth like a sharp sword; in the shadow of his hand hath he hid me, and made me a polished shaft; in his quiver hath he hid me;” (See also Psalm 45:1-7)

Ephesians 6:17, “And take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God:” and Revelation 19:21, “And the remnant were slain with the sword of him that sat upon the horse, which [sword] proceeded out of his mouth: and all the fowls were filled with their flesh.

And going back to Psalm 138:4, “All the kings of the earth shall praise thee, O LORD, when they hear the words of thy mouth.

And we should also remember that Jesus said in Matthew 10:34, “Think not that I am come to send peace on earth: I came not to send peace, but a sword.” (Note: the verses that immediately follow provide the explanation of what this involves… Matthew 10:35-39, “For I am come to set a man at variance against his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the daughter in law against her mother in law. And a man’s foes [shall be] they of his own household. He that loveth father or mother more than me is notworthy of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. And he that taketh not his cross, and followeth after me, is not worthy of me. He that findeth his life shall lose it: and he that loseth his life for my sake shall find it.

The Word of God Is Also a “Twoedged” Sword!

Psalm 149:6, “[Let] the high [praises] of God [be] in their mouth, and a twoedged sword in their hand;

Revelation 1:16, “And he had in his right hand seven stars: and out of his mouth went a sharp twoedged sword: and his countenance [was] as the sun shineth in his strength.”

Revelation 2:12, “And to the angel of the church in Pergamos write; These things saith he which hath the sharp sword with two edges;

And without understanding, the fool, who hearkens to a false gospel, will be smitten by another twoedged sword as we read in Proverbs 5:1-5, “¶My son, attend unto my wisdom, [and] bow thine ear to my understanding: That thou mayest regard discretion, and [that] thy lips may keep knowledge. For the lips of a strange woman drop [as] an honeycomb, and her mouth [is] smoother than oil: But her end is bitter as wormwood, sharp as a twoedged sword. Her feet go down to death; her steps take hold on hell.

But why is the “Word of God” specifically identified with a“twoedged” sword?  It is because the Word of God brings both life and death, both salvation or condemnation, “comfort” and “vengeance” (see: https://bereansearching.com/2022/07/20/a-christian-perspective-on-the-book-of-nahum-comfort-and-consolation/) .  We read in 2 Corinthians 2:14-17, “Now thanks be unto God, which always causeth us to triumph in Christ, and maketh manifest the savour of his knowledge by us in every place. For we are unto God a sweet savour of Christ, in them that are saved, and in them that perish:To the one we are the savour of death unto death; and to the other the savour of life unto life. And who [is] sufficient for these things? For we are not as many, which corrupt the word of God: but as of sincerity, but as of God, in the sight of God speak we in Christ.

Other verses that address the Word of God include Psalm 147:15, “He sendeth forth his commandment [upon] earth: his word runneth very swiftly.” and Jeremiah 23:29, “[Is] not my word like as a fire? saith the LORD; and like a hammer [that] breaketh the rock in pieces?

Finally please let us all remember what Jesus said in John 12:48, “He that rejecteth me, and receiveth not my words, hath one that judgeth him: the word that I have spoken, the same shall judge him in the last day.”

And let’s not forget that Barak (בָּרָק (bārāq)H1300), interestingly enough, not only means “lightning“, but also “glittering sword.”  A comprehensive study on Barak and his role as a “Type” of the Lord Jesus Christ Who will bring Judgment on Judgment Day can be found in this study of Judges 4&5.

The Word of God is Piercing

The Word of God is piercing and can find Its way anywhere. Although the soul and spirit are invisible and the joints and the marrow are covered and hid as well, so penetrating is the Divine Word of God that it can reach the most hidden and secrets things of men and women. It is a discerner of the thought and intents of the heart. God knows the hearts of all and will make it all manifest all that is hidden therein by His Word.Luke 16:15, “And he said unto them, Ye are they which justify yourselves before men; but God knoweth your hearts: for that which is highly esteemed among men is abomination in the sight of God.

God is Omniscient and Nothing is Hid from God’s Eyes

Job 26:6, “Hell [is] naked before him, and destruction hath no covering.

Job 34:21, “For his eyes [are] upon the ways of man, and he seeth all his goings.

2 Chronicles 16:9a, “For the eyes of the LORD run to and fro throughout the whole earth, to shew himself strong in the behalf of [them]whose heart [is] perfect toward him….”

Psalm 44:21, “Shall not God search this out? for he knoweth the secrets of the heart.

Psalm 90:8, “Thou hast set our iniquities before thee, our secret [sins] in the light of thy countenance.”

Psalm 139:7, (Note: there are several pertinent verses in Psalm 139) “Whither shall I go from thy spirit? or whither shall I flee from thy presence?

Psalm 139:16, “Thine eyes did see my substance, yet being unperfect;and in thy book all [my members] were written, [which] in continuance were fashioned, when [as yet there was] none of them.

Psalm 139:23&24, “Search me, O God, and know my heart: try me, and know my thoughts: And see if [there be any] wicked way in me, and lead me in the way everlasting.

Proverbs 5:21, “For the ways of man [are] before the eyes of the LORD, and he pondereth all his goings.”

Proverbs 15:3, “The eyes of the LORD [are] in every place, beholding the evil and the good.”

Jeremiah 16:17, “For mine eyes [are] upon all their ways: they are not hid from my face, neither is their iniquity hid from mine eyes.

Jeremiah 23:23, “[Am] I a God at hand, saith the LORD, and not a God afar off? Can any hide himself in secret places that I shall not see him? saith the LORD. Do not I fill heaven and earth? saith the LORD.

Zechariah 4:10, “For who hath despised the day of small things? for they shall rejoice, and shall see the plummet in the hand of Zerubbabel [with] those seven; they are the eyes of the LORD, which run to and fro through the whole earth.

Mark 4:22, “For there is nothing hid, which shall not be manifested; neither was any thing kept secret, but that it should come abroad.” (see also Matthew 10:26Luke 8:17, and Luke 12:20)

We can also see that when The Word is faithfully preached, and effectuates salvation, it will result in the what we read in 1 Corinthians 14:25, “And thus are the secrets of his heart made manifestand so falling down on [his] face he will worship God, and report that God is in you of a truth.

Jesus Our High Priest in Heaven

Regarding the “great high priest“, we are pointed forward to Hebrews chapter 7 that describes the Christ “Figure” or “Type” established in “Melchisedec, king of Salem“, in which we first find in Hebrews 5:6 &10, and later in Hebrews 6:20, “Whither the forerunner is for us entered, [even] Jesus, made an high priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.” and Hebrews 7:26, “¶For such an high priest became us, [who is] holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;

It is extremely important for the reader to be aware that “Melchizedek” is from the original Hebrew, מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק (malkî-ṣeḏeq)H4442, which means “King of Righteousness“. This is another evidence that Melchizedek was a “Theophany” which means “a visible manifestation of God” having taken the form of a man.

For background on Melchisedec/Melchizedek, Genesis 14:18, “And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he [was] the priest of the most high God.Psalm 110:4, “The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou [art] a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.” There is more to say about Melchizedek in Hebrews Chapter 5.

Holding Fast

With regard to holding fast, this is similar to Hebrews 10:23, “Let us hold fast the profession of [our] faith without wavering; (for he [is] faithful that promised;)” and also Hebrews 3:6, “But Christ as a son over his own house; whose house are we, if we hold fast the confidence and the rejoicing of the hope firm unto the end.

Other verses that we should remember concerning the words “hold fast“:

1 Thessalonians 5:21, “Prove all things; hold fast that which is good.”

2 Timothy 1:13, “Hold fast the form of sound words, which thou hast heard of me, in faith and love which is in Christ Jesus.

Revelation 2:25, “But that which ye have [already] hold fast till I come.

Revelation 3:3, “Remember therefore how thou hast received and heard, and hold fast, and repent. If therefore thou shalt not watch, I will come on thee as a thief, and thou shalt not know what hour I will come upon thee.

Isaiah 53:3, “He (Jesus) is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were [our] faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not.

Luke 22:28, “¶Ye are they which have continued with me in my temptations.”

These two verses are also explained in more detail later in Hebrews 9:12, “Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption [for us]. For if the blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh:” and also Hebrews 9:24-28.

Without Sin

2 Corinthians 5:21, “For he hath made him [to be] sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.”

1 Peter 2:22, “Who did no sin, neither was guile found in his mouth:

1 John 3:5, “And ye know that he was manifested to take away our sins; and in him is no sin.

Ephesians 2:18, “For through him we both have access by one Spirit unto the Father. ¶Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellow citizens with the saints, and of the household of God;

We should also remember that Queen Esther displayed such boldness in Esther Chapter 5 in Esther 5:1-3.

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